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Persistence of myelinated nerve fibers
38yo 
Persistence of myelinated nerve fibers
Other Cases
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AMD: Geographic atrophy
89 
In age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with geographic atrophy, fundus autofluorescence (FAF) is used to assess the extent of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) loss. Areas of atrophy appear as hypoautofluorescent zones due to the absence of RPE, while hyperautofluorescent borders may indicate regions at risk for progression. FAF is essential for […]
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Proliferative Sickle cell retinopathy
15 
In proliferative sickle cell retinopathy, fluorescein angiography (FA) is crucial for identifying areas of peripheral ischemia and neovascularization, particularly the characteristic “sea fan” neovascular formations. FA highlights areas of non-perfusion and leakage, helping to map the extent of ischemia and guide interventions such as laser photocoagulation to prevent complications like […]
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Acquired Vitelliform Lesion
80yo 
Acquired Vitelliform Lesions (AVL) are characterized by subretinal yellowish deposits that can be assessed using multimodal imaging. Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) shows hyperautofluorescence in the area of the lesion due to lipofuscin accumulation. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) reveals these deposits as hyperreflective material between the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors, […]
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Degenerative myopia: Lacker cracks
40 
In degenerative myopia, lacquer cracks are breaks in Bruch’s membrane that appear as fine, yellowish lines in the posterior pole. These cracks are caused by excessive axial elongation and can lead to complications such as choroidal neovascularization. Fundus imaging helps detect these characteristic lesions, essential for monitoring progression and assessing […]
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Low-integrity retinal attachment
65 
Retinal reattachment in the wrong position can occur following surgery for retinal detachment, and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) can reveal hyperautofluorescent lines where the retinal vessels originally lay. These lines represent areas of misalignment and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) stress, providing insight into the surgical outcome and potential functional impact. #RetinalReattachment […]
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Optic disc drusen
64yo 
Optic disc drusen are calcified deposits within the optic nerve head, often visible on fundus autofluorescence (FAF) as hyperautofluorescent spots. FAF imaging enhances the detection of drusen by highlighting their autofluorescent properties, aiding in differentiation from other optic nerve abnormalities and in monitoring potential complications like visual field defects. #OpticDiscDrusen […]
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Central Serous Chorioretinopathy
50yo 
In Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSC), fundus autofluorescence (FAF) is used to assess retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) changes. Areas of active fluid accumulation may show hyperautofluorescence due to RPE stress, while chronic lesions exhibit hypoautofluorescence indicating RPE atrophy. FAF is valuable for monitoring CSC progression and guiding treatment. #CSC #FundusAutofluorescence #FAF […]
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Choroidal nevus
31yo 
Choroidal nevus is a benign pigmented lesion that requires multimodal evaluation to monitor for signs of growth or malignant transformation. It is typically not visible on blue FAF or in blue and green channels, but it appears clearly on Near-Infrared Reflectance (NIR) and the red channel, which provide high contrast […]
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AMD: Drusen and GA
67yo 
In age-related macular degeneration (AMD), clinical findings includes confluent soft drusen, pigment migration, and RPE atrophy. Confluent soft drusen are large, yellowish deposits under the RPE, indicating a higher risk of progression. Pigment migration occurs as RPE cells move irregularly, and RPE atrophy presents as areas of cell loss, all […]
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Cilioretinal artery
31yo 
The cilioretinal artery is an accessory retinal artery that supplies part of the macula, often originating from the posterior ciliary circulation rather than the central retinal artery. It is present in approximately 20-30% of individuals. Blue light reflectance imaging enhances visualization of the nerve fiber layer details and reitnal vascular […]
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“Bear track” CHRPE
31yo 
“Bear track” CHRPE (Congenital Hypertrophy of the Retinal Pigment Epithelium) appears as multiple darkly pigmented lesions resembling bear tracks on fundus examination. Diagnosing CHRPE is important to differentiate it from other pigmented retinal lesions and to monitor for associations with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) in atypical cases. In imaging, CHRPE […]
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AMD: Gographic atrophy
67yo 
In dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD), drusen and geographic atrophy are common findings. Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging highlights areas of RPE stress and degeneration: drusen may appear as hyperautofluorescent spots, while geographic atrophy shows marked hypoautofluorescence due to RPE loss. FAF is invaluable for monitoring progression and assessing areas at […]