Other Cases

• Acquired Vitelliform Lesion

  74yo
  

  Acquired Vitelliform Lesions (AVL) are characterized by subretinal yellowish deposits and can be assessed using fundus autofluorescence (FAF). FAF imaging shows hyperautofluorescence in the lesion area due to lipofuscin accumulation. Over time, hypoautofluorescence may appear as the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) degenerates, making FAF essential for monitoring disease progression. #AVL […]

  Acquired vitelliform lesion | AVL

• Polipoidal choroidal vasculopathy

  71yo
  

  In polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) reveals several key biomarkers: Sub-RPE bulb-shaped elevations, corresponding to polyps. Double-layer sign (DLS), indicating separation between the RPE and Bruch’s membrane. Thumb-like pigment epithelial detachment (PED), a characteristic rounded elevation of the RPE. Subretinal fluid or hemorrhage, indicative of disease activity. […]

  polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy

• BRVO: Macula sparing

  82yo
  

  Branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) sparing the macula often remains asymptomatic, as central vision is preserved. These cases are typically identified incidentally during routine fundus examination or imaging. Management usually involves observation unless complications like peripheral ischemia or neovascularization develop, requiring interventions such as laser photocoagulation. #BRVO #AsymptomaticBRVO #PeripheralIschemia #RetinaImaging […]

  branch retinal vein occlusion | brvo

• Auto Draft

  

• Auto Draft

  

• Epiretinal membrane

  60yo
  

  Epiretinal membrane (ERM) can be effectively assessed using en-face OCT imaging at the level of the vitreoretinal interface (VRI). This technique provides a detailed top-down view, clearly outlining the extent and pattern of the membrane, including tractional changes it may impose on the retina. En-face VRI imaging is invaluable for […]

  epiretinal membrane | ERM

• Vitreomacular traction: Spontaneous release

  60yo
  

  Vitreomacular traction (VMT) occurs when the vitreous exerts abnormal traction on the macula. Spontaneous release can occur as the vitreous detaches completely, relieving the traction. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is critical for identifying VMT and documenting its resolution, showing the absence of traction and restoration of normal macular contour after […]

  vitreomacular traction syndrome | VMT

• AMD: Geographic atrophy

  96yo
  

  In age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with geographic atrophy (GA), en-face OCT imaging reveals areas of hypertransmission through the atrophic regions. This hypertransmission results from increased light penetration through the loss of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and outer retinal layers, providing detailed visualization of the extent and shape of atrophic zones. […]

  age-related macular degeneration | AMD | geographic atrophy

• AMD: Geographic atrophy

  87yo
  

  In age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with geographic atrophy (GA), fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and near-infrared reflectance (NIR) imaging are essential tools. FAF highlights hypoautofluorescent areas corresponding to RPE loss and hyperautofluorescent borders indicating regions at risk for progression. NIR provides high-contrast imaging of atrophic regions and choroidal changes, complementing FAF for […]

  age-related macular degeneration | AMD | geographic atrophy

• Sickle cell retinopathy

  15yo
  

  In sickle cell retinopathy, peripheral ischemia occurs due to the occlusion of small retinal blood vessels by sickle-shaped red blood cells, which have decreased flexibility and increased adhesion to vascular endothelium. These blockages cause oxygen deprivation in the peripheral retina, leading to tissue hypoxia, neovascularization (e.g., sea fan formations), and […]

  proliferative sickle cell retinopathy | sickle cell | sickle cell retinopathy

• Diabetic retinopathy: ERM following PRP

  79yo
  

  In proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) is a standard treatment to reduce neovascularization and prevent vision loss. However, PRP may contribute to the formation of an epiretinal membrane (ERM) due to retinal inflammation and scarring. ERM can cause visual distortion and may require surgical peeling if it significantly […]

  Diabetic retinopathy | epiretinal membrane | panretinal photocoagulation

• Optic disc drusen

  64yo
  

  Optic disc drusen appear as small, yellowish deposits within the optic nerve head and are visible on fundus examination, often with a lumpy or irregular appearance. These drusen can sometimes simulate optic disc edema, so accurate identification is essential. They may increase the risk of visual field defects and require […]

  Optic disc drusen